第八百七十二章 标准(1 / 2)

众人都是点头,只有卫非说道“啥呀就瞎联想,我就不信古时候的人吃蝗虫能够做得到肘子这样精细,那个时候的普通人家,油是多精贵的东西怎么可能拿来煸蝗虫”

“因此就算吃蝗虫,多半也是像我们小时候那样,竹签子串上烤一烤就吃了。”

“那个时候的虾也是,一般就是白焗蘸调料,那我请教烤蝗虫和白焗虾,它们的味道能够差不多吗能够引发肘子你说的这种联想吗”

“靠是我拿今人套古人了。”周至拱手“多谢飞机提醒,差点闹了笑话。”

卫非少有能够在文科上拿捏得住周至的地方,顿时得意洋洋“我这算不算那啥一字师”

杨和慢悠悠地笑道“其实今人套古人的现象太多了,我问问你们,你们认为有多少地就该算地主”

“这个啊怎么也得有个二三十亩吧”向宇说道。

“二三十亩太多了吧”方文玉说道“一家人怎么都种不完,我觉得超过十亩就够呛,雇人的话是不是就算请长工了”

“十亩一家人一年怎么都料理得过来的,而且别忘了那个时候一家一般不止三口。”

“所以说封建王朝是地主阶级政权就没错。”张路说道“那个时候能够供养一个人脱产读书,怎么着家里也得有个十几亩地。”

“嘿嘿嘿可惜现实情况不一样”杨和笑得一副“我就知道你们会这么想”的嘴脸。

“那是咋回事儿”大家都是爱学习的好孩子,政治试卷上的标准答案每个人都烂熟于心,但是无一例外地没有追究过这般细节,还是属于囫囵吞枣。

而周至为了不影响他们填写标准答案,从来没有在这方面跟他们细讲过。

今天倒是个科普的机会,周至笑道“其实这个问题有些复杂,不过根据解放初期四川土地改革及其意义这篇文章里提到的成果,土改后,雇农人均从02亩提高到237亩,贫农从05亩增加到16亩,地主从人均1459亩下降到147亩。”

“也就是说,蜀中当时的地主阶层,人均占有土地也就十五亩而已。”

“当然了,既然是平均,那就既有平均上,更有平均下,以人数来计的话,因为金字塔效应的存在,平均下的人,一定远比平均上的人多得多。”

“这样粗略概括下来,人均几亩的地主多了去了,按一家五口,两人不在劳力计算,差不多一家有十多亩地,就有了被划分为地主的条件。”

“当然了,地主的划分不是仅靠占有土地来区分的,另外还有两个条件,第一就是有劳力而不劳作,这样的话,他们拥有的土地就叫做息田,他们是靠雇佣他人劳作,通过收租获取利益,这种当然是地主。”

“还有一种就是虽然自己劳作,但是也要雇佣长工,这里边涉及到一个自作田和息田的比例问题,可以划分为中农加小土地出租,也可以划分为富农甚至地主。”

“但是我们更需要主意的一点,就是不能以今套古,不能拿这个标准去套古代,然后得出封建科举就是在地主阶层里选拔人才的结论。”

“因为在唐代,田亩制度非常清楚,唐初一丁授田一顷,其中永业田二十亩,口分田八十亩。”

“当然也不是绝对统一的一刀切,也要看当地田地和人口是否形成矛盾。但是这个额度沿用了很久,狭乡,也就是土地矛盾突出的地方,也以一丁三十亩为限。”

“到了宋代,这个标准依旧没有大的变化,一丁三十五亩左右。”

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